Dragonfly 3D World News

研究团队用缓冲卢戈氏碘液做对比增强显微 CT（µCT）和同步辐射传播相衬 CT，扫描了 57 枚中部鬃狮蜥（Pogona vitticeps）胚胎，分别在 28 ℃ 和 36 ℃ 下孵化，比较 ZW 雌性、ZZ 雄性和高温诱导的 ZZ 性反转雌性的脑发育。重建图像导入 Dragonfly 3D World（Comet Technologies Canada）判读发育分期，并用 Dragonfly 的 Segmentation 菜单把全脑和端脑从其他组织中分割出来；网格在 MeshLab 清理平滑后再导回 Dragonfly 自动读取各对象体积。结果显示 ZZ 基因型个体的端脑显著大于 ZW 雌性，而孵化温度虽影响生长速度和体型，对整体脑大小没有显著影响。所有 CT 数据连同 Dragonfly 格式的扫描与分割文件已在 FigShare 公开。Researchers used buffered Lugol's iodine contrast-enhanced micro-CT and synchrotron propagation-based phase-contrast CT to scan 57 central bearded dragon (Pogona vitticeps) embryos incubated at 28 °C or 36 °C, comparing ZW females, ZZ males and heat-induced ZZ sex-reversed females. Reconstructions were imported into Dragonfly 3D World (Comet Technologies Canada) for developmental staging, and the whole brain and telencephalon were segmented with Dragonfly's Segmentation menu; meshes cleaned in MeshLab were re-imported into Dragonfly to read object volumes. The telencephalon was significantly larger in ZZ individuals than in ZW females, while incubation temperature affected growth rate and body size but not overall brain size. All CT data, including Dragonfly-format files with the segmentations, are openly available on FigShare.

西班牙 Biogipuzkoa 健康研究所和巴斯克大学等团队构建了刚度匹配的 GelMA 和海藻酸盐三维水凝胶，把基质刚度与黏附性、可降解性分开，研究它们对乳腺癌细胞休眠的影响。共聚焦 z-stack 图像在 Dragonfly 2025.1（Comet Technologies Canada）中做三维重建和分析，用 Segmentation Wizard 以人工标注的 2D 帧训练 U-Net 模型，区分肿瘤团块与单细胞并量化体积和球形度。结果显示黏附、可降解的基质支持增殖性肿瘤团块，惰性基质则促使单细胞休眠：软基质对应 SOX9 相关的短暂类干细胞休眠，硬基质对应 NR2F1 相关的长期休眠；从软基质取出的细胞在鸡胚绒毛尿囊膜中仍不成瘤，患者来源细胞也表现出类似休眠和耐药。Teams at the Biogipuzkoa Health Research Institute and the University of the Basque Country engineered stiffness-matched GelMA and alginate 3D hydrogels to separate matrix stiffness from adhesion and degradability in breast cancer dormancy. Confocal z-stacks were reconstructed and analyzed in Dragonfly 2025.1 (Comet Technologies Canada), with a U-Net trained in the Segmentation Wizard on manually labelled 2D frames to separate tumour masses from single cells and quantify volume and sphericity. Adhesive, degradable matrices supported proliferative tumour masses, while inert matrices favoured single-cell dormancy: soft matrices induced SOX9-associated transient stem-like dormancy and stiff ones NR2F1-associated prolonged dormancy. Cells retrieved from soft matrices still failed to form tumours on chicken chorioallantoic membranes, and patient-derived cells showed similar dormancy and therapy resistance.

马普生物物理研究所、保罗·埃利希研究所、柏林 FMP 和夏里特医学院等团队结合冷冻电子断层、深度学习颗粒挑选、子断层平均、交联质谱和 AlphaFold3 建模，解析了痘病毒核心上长期寻找的孔道：它由病毒蛋白 E8、E6 和 L3 组成中空六聚管，贯穿核心壁和表面栅栏层，通道内的棒状密度与病毒 RNA 解旋酶 I8 一致，可能参与新合成 mRNA 的释放。论文中训练 3D U-Net 分割栅栏层时，预测结果在 cryoCAT 处理后在 Dragonfly 中人工修正作为第二轮训练的真值，最终所有预测掩膜也都在 Dragonfly 中逐一检查和修正（引用 ORS 2018 年 Dragonfly 深度学习平台论文）。Teams at the Max Planck Institute of Biophysics, the Paul Ehrlich Institute, FMP Berlin and Charité combined cryo-electron tomography, deep-learning particle picking, subtomogram averaging, cross-linking mass spectrometry and AlphaFold3 modeling to resolve a long-sought pore in the poxvirus core: a hollow hexameric tube of viral proteins E8, E6 and L3 spanning the core wall and palisade layer, with a rod-like density consistent with the RNA helicase I8 that may help release new mRNAs. To train the 3D U-Net that segments the palisade, predictions were refined with cryoCAT and manually corrected in Dragonfly as ground truth for a second round, and all final predicted masks were inspected and refined in Dragonfly (citing ORS's 2018 Dragonfly deep-learning platform paper).

研究对象是荷兰 Zevenaar 的膨胀黏土，在受控条件下施加干湿循环，测量膨胀压力、体积变化和孔隙结构演变。结果显示一维膨胀压力约为吸力的 24%，与干湿历史、试验类型和施加应力无关；收缩和膨胀基本可逆，没有累积永久变形。样品在 CoreTOM 显微 CT 上于天然状态和各干湿阶段末扫描，孔隙分析在 Dragonfly 3D World（Comet Technologies Canada）中完成，通过图像阈值把孔隙与固体基质分开，统计孔隙率和孔隙体积分布；μCT 显示随循环次数增加微孔数量和中孔体积上升，提示孔隙逐步重排、更易开裂。The study applied controlled drying-wetting cycles to an expansive clay from Zevenaar, the Netherlands, measuring swelling pressure, volume change and pore-structure evolution. One-dimensional swelling pressure was about 24% of suction regardless of cycle history, test type or applied stress, and shrinkage and swelling were largely reversible with no accumulated permanent deformation. The sample was scanned on a CoreTOM micro-CT in its natural state and after each phase, and pore analysis was done in Dragonfly 3D World (Comet Technologies Canada) by thresholding pores from the solid matrix to quantify porosity and pore-volume distribution; micropore number and mesopore volume grew with each cycle, pointing to progressive pore rearrangement and higher susceptibility to cracking.

澳大利亚科廷大学团队用响应面法优化牛肉脆片的牛肉粉添加量、挤出片厚度和烘烤时间，得到牛肉粉 65.8%–67.7%、烘烤 14.0–14.8 分钟、片厚 1.0 mm 的最优配方，优化后脆度可接受度 67.5 ± 1.3，高于未优化配方的 60.8 ± 3.3。作为优化后的验证，样品在 Zeiss Versa XRM-500 上以 4 µm 像素扫描，2D 截面和 3D 重建图像用 Dragonfly 3D World 2024.1（Comet Technologies Canada）生成，并用 Otsu 法自动做孔隙分割。显微 CT 显示最优牛肉脆片的孔更小、连通性更好，孔隙连通性更接近商品薯片。A Curtin University team used response surface methodology to optimize beef powder level, extruded sheet thickness and baking time for beef chips, arriving at 65.8%–67.7% beef powder, 14.0–14.8 min baking and 1.0 mm sheets; crispiness acceptability of the optimized chip was 67.5 ± 1.3 versus 60.8 ± 3.3 for a non-optimized chip. For post-optimization checks, samples were scanned on a Zeiss Versa XRM-500 at 4 µm pixels, 2D sections and 3D reconstructions were produced in Dragonfly 3D World 2024.1 (Comet Technologies Canada), and pores were segmented automatically with Otsu thresholding. The optimized chip showed smaller, better-connected pores, with connectivity closer to a commercial potato chip.

研究开发了多功能复合磁性颗粒 F-Fe₃O₄，并与静磁场联合用于感染性骨缺损。体外实验中它对人骨髓间充质干细胞生物相容性好，促进增殖、迁移和成骨分化，并抑制大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和粪肠球菌，加静磁场后效果进一步增强；在大鼠感染性股骨缺损模型（经北京大学生物医学伦理委员会批准）中，联合治疗减轻早期感染和炎症、加快新骨形成，机制上与 SLC2A1 介导的葡萄糖摄取及 HIF-1、PI3K/AKT 通路激活有关。术后 4 周和 8 周的骨样本用 NanoVoxel-1000 显微 CT 扫描，Dragonfly 软件（Comet Technologies, Canada）用于图像重建和分析，计算 BV/TV、Tb.N 等骨形态参数。The authors developed multifunctional composite magnetic particles (F-Fe₃O₄) and combined them with a static magnetic field to treat infectious bone defects. In vitro the particles were biocompatible with human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, promoted proliferation, migration and osteogenic differentiation, and inhibited E. coli, S. aureus and E. faecalis, with stronger effects under the field; in a rat infected femoral defect model (approved by Peking University's biomedical ethics committee) the combination reduced early infection and inflammation and accelerated new bone formation, linked to SLC2A1-mediated glucose uptake and HIF-1 and PI3K/AKT activation. Bone samples at 4 and 8 weeks were scanned on a NanoVoxel-1000 micro-CT, and Dragonfly software (Comet Technologies, Canada) was used for reconstruction and analysis of BV/TV, Tb.N and other trabecular parameters.